Aus­tria: Radio ORANGE 94.0, Radio FRO, Radio Helsin­ki, Freies Radio Inns­bruck (FREIRAD 105.9), Pro­ton — das freie Radio, Freies Radio Freis­tadt, Radio op, Freies Radio B138

1. Con­text and for­mal aspects

• 4 radios men­tion to run 5–8 basic train­ings per year, 3 run more than 12 basic train­ings and oth­ers between 9 and 12 basic train­ings per year

• Tar­get groups are peo­ple who are inter­est­ed in doing radio, espe­cial­ly cul­tur­al and eth­nic minori­ties and peo­ple who have lit­tle access to main­stream media, but also:
  • school class­es and teams from NGO’s who want to broadcast

  • stu­dents

  • the queer/feminist com­mu­ni­ty, for women only, and for peo­ple with spe­cial needs 
  • envi­ron­men­tal or social activists 

• Peo­ple are invit­ed to train­ings through fly­ers, adver­tise­ment on the Web­site, newslet­ters, mail­ing lists, word by mouth pro­pa­gan­da, per­son­al net­works, ads in local news­pa­pers, radio spots, face­book and oth­er social networks.
• The train­ings are most­ly financed by the radio sta­tions, pub­lic fund­ing and by the par­tic­i­pants themselves
• The train­ers are paid for the train­ings, but some­times they work as volunteers.

• There is train­ing for train­ers, offered for exam­ple by COMMIT and VFRÖ.

• The train­ers are often cho­sen by the man­ag­ing direc­tor, at Radio Helsin­ki train­ers vol­un­teer to par­tic­i­pate in the instruc­tion team 
• Before going on air, par­tic­i­pants should vis­it between 0.5 and 4 days of trainings
• After the basic train­ing par­tic­i­pants are sup­port­ed indi­vid­u­al­ly at Radio ORANGE and Freies Radio Freis­tadt. At oth­er radio sta­tions there is sup­port when required, e.g. Radio FRO, Freies Radio Inns­bruck, Pro­ton. At B138 employ­ees sup­port par­tic­i­pants dur­ing their first show, because the basic train­ing is very short. At Radio op there are reg­u­lar train­ings after the first basic one.
• The total amount of hours varies between 8 and 24 hours. The train­ing units last from 2 to 8 hours. The time span between the units varies from 1 day up to one moth.
  

2. Objec­tives

• Teach­ing basic jour­nal­is­tic and tech­ni­cal skills

• To Moti­vate participants
• Fos­ter­ing the under­stand­ing of the own radio station
• Media law
  

3. Con­tent

• His­to­ry of com­mu­ni­ty radio in Austria

• Aus­tri­an media law
• Intro­duc­tion to tech­ni­cal equip­ment of the radio stu­dio (dig­i­tal record­ing, stu­dio technique)
• Intro­duc­tion to radio jour­nal­ism (speak­ing, research, inter­view, edit­ing, news, moderation)
• Copy right
• Plan­ning a radio program
• Cross­me­dia production
• Pub­lish­ing

4. Train­ing struc­ture and schedule

Radio Fro

Day 1, 8 hours: Basics about Com­mu­ni­ty Radio Sta­tions, intro­duc­tion to media law, stu­dio tech­niques and work­ing at the radio sta­tion in gen­er­al, pro­duc­tion of a live-show

Day 2, 4 hours: Show design and dif­fer­ent radio for­mats, interview

Day 3, 4 hours: Jour­nal­is­tic work (research, media law), Cross Media Publishing

Day 4, 4 hours: Pre­pro­duc­tion, audio edit­ing, stu­dio techinques

Day 4, 4 hours: Live on air, plan­ning and pro­duc­tion of a live-show 

Radio Helsin­ki

Day 1: law and his­to­ry, the­o­ret­i­cal aspects

Day 2: stu­dio, record­ing devices, prac­ti­cal aspects

Freies Radio Innsbruck

Day 1: intro­duc­tion, com­mu­ni­ty radio in Aus­tria and techniques

Day 2: Infor­ma­tion about Freirad and live show

B138

The 5‑hour train­ing con­tains com­mu­ni­ty radio, media law, show for­mats, live show, feedback.

Radio Pro­ton

Part 1: His­tor­i­cal overview and char­ter of com­mu­ni­ty radios, media rules, stu­dio techniques

Part 2: record­ing devices, micro­phones, stu­dio tech­niques revisited 

Freies Radio Freistadt

One Day Training:

Morn­ing: intro­duc­tion and the­o­ret­i­cal aspects

After­noon: choos­ing top­ic, plan and pre­pare a show (includ­ing record­ing and edit­ing inter­views, tex­ting mod­er­a­tion), live-show, feed­back round

Radio op

Learn­ing by doing, air-checks, feed­back through listening

Radio ORANGE

Day 1: prac­ti­cal introduction

Day 2, evening ses­sion: preproduction

Day 3, evening ses­sion: media law and media ethics

Day 4, evening ses­sion: live-show 

There is a sched­uled basic struc­ture, but train­ers are free to choose their favourite methods.

All of them use hand­books and handouts.

5. Eval­u­a­tion

Feed­back is con­duct­ed oral­ly and writ­ten. The radio show at the end of the train­ing proves the lev­el of skills acquired. All the train­ers will be informed about the results of the project.

Hun­gary: Civ­il Radio/ Fed­er­a­tion of Hun­gar­i­an Free Radios

1. Con­text and for­mal aspects

• Civ­il radio organ­is­es 5–8 train­ings per year 
• The most impor­tant tar­get groups are senior cit­i­zens and stu­dents. Civ­il Radio is open for “peo­ple who are open to the world, will­ing to do some­thing for their own neigh­bour­hood and have some­thing to tell to the others”.
• Civ­il radio makes adver­tise­ment through pro­fes­sion­al mail­ing lists of NGOs, local news­pa­pers and radios, web­site and on free social net­work­ing web­sites (like facebook).
• The train­ings are financed by the radio sta­tion itself.
• The train­ers are not paid for their teaching.
• There is no for­malised train­ing process for the train­ers: train­ers learn through expe­ri­ence and from each other.
• Before going on air par­tic­i­pants should vis­it 1 to 4 days of training.
• After the basic train­ing, the train­ers at Civ­il Radio try to fol­low the pre­sen­ter for about six weeks and gives feed­back to his/her own shows. Train­ers are also there if they need any sort of help.
• The total amount of hours varies between 24 and 30 hours. The train­ing units last from 1 to 8 hours. The time span between the units lasts from 1 to 7 days.

2. Objec­tives

Devel­op gen­er­al com­mu­ni­ca­tion­al skills. Learn new media tech­nolo­gies and tools, devel­op radio jour­nal­ist skills (tech­niques of ques­tion­ing, mak­ing an inter­view, edit­ing, etc.). At the end, the new­com­er should be able to do a show on their own, either live or recorded.

3. Con­tent

Research, writ­ing, inter­view, edit­ing, tech­nics, free media tools (online tools, like blogs, face­book, netra­dio, etc.).

4. Train­ing struc­ture and schedule

- Gen­er­al com­mu­ni­ca­tion­al skills/importance of media/ media history

- Pub­lic media, com­mer­cial media, com­mu­ni­ty media (analysing media materials)

- Intro­duc­tion to new media tools

- Prac­tices (how to write news about our activ­i­ties, how to invite some­one to our radio show, how to ask, how to catch the atten­tion of the listeners/readers, etc.)

Tools: Hand­outs

5. Eval­u­a­tion

Eval­u­a­tion occurs through participant’s oral feed­back after the train­ing. The “les­son learned check” is to pro­duce the own show.

All the train­ers will be informed about the results of the project.

Ire­land: near fm

1. Con­text and for­mal aspects

• Near FM organ­is­es between 9 and 12 train­ings per year
• The tar­get groups are new vol­un­teers, staff and third coun­try nationals.
• Near fm receives requests about how to become vol­un­teers. Peo­ple are also recruit­ed through unem­ploy­ment office. Third coun­try nation­als are invit­ed to apply for train­ing through advo­ca­cy organisations.
• The train­ings are financed by the radio sta­tion, par­tic­i­pants, the Depart­ment of Adult Edu­ca­tion, the Euro­pean Inte­gra­tion Fund and the nation­al agency Pobal

• Some train­ers are paid, some work on a vol­un­tary basis.

• train­ings are organ­ised by Near FM itself
• Train­ers are trained by exter­nal agen­cies who are spe­cial­ists for this kind of training. 
• Before going on air par­tic­i­pants should have vis­it­ed between 3 and 4 days training.
• After the basic train­ing there is indi­vid­ual coach­ing deliv­ered in spe­cif­ic areas (dig­i­tal edit­ing, sound engi­neer­ing, etc). “New vol­un­teers are required to shad­ow a live pro­gramme for at least 4 hours, so they can under­stand the live broad­cast­ing process. There is a per­son on stu­dio duty to sup­port them from 9am-7pm, after this time, if required, tech­ni­cal assis­tance can be organised.”
• Basic train­ing lasts 20 hours in total. The train­ing units last from 1 to 2 hours. The time span between the units lasts from 2 to 7days.

2. Objec­tives

To under­stand the ethos of com­mu­ni­ty radio and Near FM: how we inter­view, research and pro­duce radio programmes

3. Con­tent

• Intro­duc­tion to com­mu­ni­ty radio (ethos)

• Net­work­ing
• Inter­view and research (links with com­mu­ni­ty and vol­un­tary organisations)
• Stu­dio protocol
• Portable record­ings
• Sound engi­neer­ing
• Pro­duc­tion values
• Pro­mote your programme

4. Train­ing struc­ture and schedule

Mod­ules of the basic training: 

• Intro­duc­tion to Com­mu­ni­ty Radio

• What is Media Literacy

• Law and Media

• How to use the radio Stu­dios and portable recorders

• How to do Research and Interviewing

• How to put a pro­gramme together

Addi­tion­al add-on work­shop in the studio:

• The do’s and don’ts of interviews

• Record­ing inter­views in pairs

• Play­back and feedback

• Copy of interviews.

Tools: Hand­books and handouts

5. Eval­u­a­tion

Eval­u­a­tion occurs through eval­u­a­tion forms (mid train­ing and at the end for cer­ti­fied training)